The Declaration was drafted by Jefferson, but it went through major revisions before it was approved by the Continental Congress. Most of the deletions mentions cutting Great Britain out of the colonies entirely. The Congress seemed to believe that they shouldn't antagonize the king or Great Britain. I believe this is why they use the word "Independence." It is not as provocative a word as "freedom." The colonies had ties with Great Britain, and I believe they are acknowledging the fact. The Congress was not trying to deny that their mother country was Great Britain. Instead, they wanted to "dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another."
One marked change was the word '"inherent' inalienable rights" to "certain." This seems like an odd change to make. The original would imply that these were rights every human was entitled to or born with. Perhaps they wanted to say that we had to work for our rights, and that the Revolution wasn't a moot point because man was owed those rights from the beginning. If these rights were so "inherent," then there was no point in fighting the Revolution. I think that the Founding Fathers wanted people to view life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness as valuable things. If they are fought for, they aren't taken for granted.
Most of Jefferson's personal biases are taken out of the document. Without these additions, the Declaration is more focused and neutral.
The Declaration of Independence was a document that helped form a country. It is the basis of American doctrines, and it named the rights of man. The lines "all men are created equal" have been the cause of many wars and conflicts within America. This one phrases sums up the Revolution, the Civil War, and basically all other wars that followed. It's a bit of a haunting phrase, and it is unmistakeably a powerful one.
In the footnotes, Garry Willis says that Jefferson meant all men were equal in a moral sense. If the Declaration had gone with Locke's idea of "property" as human right, it would have been a little easier to define equality. But Jefferson takes it out of the physical realm, and he talks about something far beyond what even he comprehended.
I wonder if Jefferson knew her would write the Declaration for future generations. I'm sure he had an idea of the magnitude of its importance. His original draft wasn't as polished, but it probably resonated with the public. The revised copy encompasses all of man. It could be applied to people who weren't from the colonies. I'm not sure that he knew how much change and debate his words brought, but there's no doubt it's a great piece of history.
Hi Misa, Thanks for the two great posts on the PG and the Declaration. I think you're to consider how powerful a media colonial newspapers were. They allowed people to participate in print world overflowing with ideas and distant horizons. And thanks for taking the time to read the Wills footnotes to the Declaration. It's fascinating to consider what Jefferson was intending when he switched "pursuit of happiness" in place of "property." dw
ReplyDeleteI love how Jefferson has created a document that remains relevant in our current struggles for tolerance and freedom today. Whether intentioned or not, I think it shows just how brilliant a man that he was and the effect that he still has in our society today with his choice of words and the exclusion of, for lack of a better term, exclusionary verbiage.
ReplyDelete